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The Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranic languages, or Aryan languages, constitute the largest and easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family. It has more than 1 billion speakers, stretching from the Caucasus (Ossetian) and Europe (Romani) eastward to Xinjiang (Sarikoli) and Assam (Assamese), and south to the Maldives (Maldivian). The common ancestor of all of the languages in this family is called Proto-Indo-Iranian - also known as Common Aryan - which was spoken in approximately the late 3rd millennium BC. The three branches of modern Indo-Iranian languages are Indo-Aryan, Iranian, and Nuristani. Additionally, sometimes a fourth independent branch, Dardic, is posited, but recent scholarship in general places Dardic languages as archaic members of the Indo-Aryan branch. ==Languages== Indo-Iranian consists of three groups: * Indo-Aryan * Iranian * Nuristani Most of the largest languages (in terms of native speakers) are a part of the Indo-Aryan group: Hindustani (Hindi–Urdu, ~590 million), Bengali (205 million), Punjabi (100 million), Marathi (75 million), Gujarati (50 million), Bhojpuri (40 million), Awadhi (40 million), Maithili (35 million), Odia (35 million), Marwari (30 million), Sindhi (25 million), Rajasthani (20 million), Chhattisgarhi (18 million), Assamese (15 million), Sinhalese (16 million), Nepali (17 million), and Rangpuri (15 million). Among the Iranian branch, major languages are Persian (60 million), Pashto (ca. 50 million), Kurdish (35 million),〔CIA- The World Factbook: 14.7 million in Turkey (18%)(), 4.9–6.5 million in Iraq (15-20%)(), 8 million in Iran (10%)() (all for 2014), plus several million in Syria, neighboring countries, and the diaspora〕 and Balochi (8 million). Numerous smaller languages exist. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Indo-Iranian languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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